Snow Crab: A High-protein Delight Thriving in Cold Waters

Snow crabs (Chionoecetes opilio) are sometimes called opilio crabs and are closely related to the larger Tanner crab (Chionoecetes bairdi).

They thrive in cold, northern waters — particularly off the coast of Alaska and across the Bering Sea. These crustaceans are wild caught in massive crab fisheries during specific seasons to protect the population.

They start life as tiny larvae and grow by molting multiple times. Male crabs grow significantly larger than female crabs, making them the primary target for commercial fisheries.

Snow crab clusters are the go-to presentation, with several walking legs and a claw still attached. These clusters are typically frozen and then steamed or grilled.

They are commonly served with melted butter or incorporated into seafood salads, crab soups, and even pasta dishes. Their mild flavor and meaty texture make them an excellent choice for everything from elegant dinners to backyard boils.

Snow crab meat is high in protein and low in calories, making it a healthy option for seafood lovers. The taste is subtly sweet, similar to lobster but softer in texture.

When cooked, the shells turn a vibrant red, and the meat inside remains white and flaky. Whether paired with shrimp, fish, or eggs, snow crab brings an unmistakable ocean flavor to any dish.

Fishermen in the North Pacific rely on strict guidelines to ensure snow crabs are caught sustainably. These guidelines are crucial given that snow crab habitat has been shrinking and ocean temperatures are rising. After being caught, the crabs are quickly frozen to maintain quality.

The average portion size depends on the cluster weight, but typically a few clusters provide plenty of meat for one meal.

The seafood industry values snow crab for its abundance and reliability. It's a staple on many restaurant menus and websites offering seafood delivery.

You’ll often find snow crab legs sold by the pound, and they're frequently featured in combination platters with king crab and lobster. Their claws and shells also contribute to the rich stock used in seafood broths.

In the wild, snow crabs face threats from fish, larger crabs, and human fishing pressure. They are also vulnerable to environmental changes. Despite these challenges, snow crabs remain a key species in cold-water ecosystems and continue to be a favorite among consumers.

We created this article in conjunction with AI technology, then made sure it was fact-checked and edited by a HowStuffWorks editor.