Albino Snake Traits and Health Concerns

This albino cobra has a genetic mutation that inhibits the production of melanin. David Northcott / Getty Images

An albino snake will stand out in its natural habitat. Unlike their non-albino counterparts, albino snakes have a genetic mutation that affects the production of melanin, the pigment responsible for the typical coloration in animals. This lack of melanin results in the distinctively pale or white skin and pink or red eyes that are the hallmarks of albinism.

While albino snakes are certainly eye-catching, they also face unique challenges due to their condition. From their vulnerability to sunlight to potential health concerns, albino snakes require special care, especially in captivity.

Let’s dive into the world of albino snakes and explore how they come to be, what makes them different and what species can exhibit these traits.

Why Are Albino Snakes White?

Albino snakes are the result of a genetic mutation that inhibits the production of melanin, the pigment responsible for the dark colors typically seen in snakes' skin. This mutation is recessive. This genetic condition can occur naturally in the wild, though it is rare, due to the disadvantages it can present in terms of survival.

In captivity, albino snakes are more common because breeders can selectively pair snakes that carry the albinism gene to produce offspring with this trait.

How Albino Snakes' Appearances Differ From Non-albino Snakes

Two snakes, one albino and one green, share space — The yellow and white python on the left is the albino snake in this pair. McDonald Wildlife Photography In / Getty Images

The most obvious difference between albino snakes and their non-albino counterparts is their coloration. Albino snakes lack the dark pigments that usually give snakes their earthy tones, such as browns, blacks and greens. Instead, they have pale or white skin with pink, yellow or orange hues, depending on the species.

Their eyes are another key difference: Without melanin, their eyes appear pink or red due to the underlying blood vessels. This unique appearance makes albino snakes visually striking, but it also makes them more vulnerable in the wild, as they are less able to camouflage and more susceptible to predators.

Albino Snake Health Concerns

Albino snakes, while beautiful, face several health concerns that their non-albino relatives do not.

One of the most significant issues is their sensitivity to sunlight. Without melanin, albino snakes are more prone to sunburn and can suffer from vision problems due to their sensitive eyes. This sensitivity means they must remain in environments with carefully controlled lighting to avoid damaging their skin and eyes.

Additionally, some albino snakes may have weaker immune systems or be more prone to certain genetic disorders, making them more susceptible to illness. Proper care — including a diet that supports their health and regular veterinary check-ups — is crucial for keeping albino snakes healthy in captivity.

6 Snake Species That Can Have Albino Traits

Albinism can occur in many snake species, both in the wild and in captivity. Here’s a list of some snake species that exhibit albino traits.

Corn snakes: Albino corn snakes have striking red and white coloration. Widely bred in captivity, they are a favorite among snake enthusiasts.
Ball pythons: Albino ball pythons are another popular choice for reptile keepers. Their bright yellow and white patterns, along with their calm demeanor, make them highly sought after in the pet trade.
Burmese pythons: Albino Burmese pythons are impressive in size and have a beautiful coloration. They are among the largest snakes that can exhibit albinism, making them a spectacle in any collection.
Garter snakes: Though less common, albino garter snakes do exist and are typically lighter in color with yellow or pinkish patterns.
Western diamondback rattlesnakes: In the wild, albino western diamondback rattlesnakes are extremely rare because their lack of camouflage makes them more vulnerable to predators. They are occasionally seen in captivity.
King snakes: Albino king snakes are popular in the pet trade, with a variety of color morphs available, including bright yellow and white patterns.

We created this article in conjunction with AI technology, then made sure it was edited and fact-checked by a HowStuffWorks editor.